Bone loss, leading to decreased bone density and an increased risk of fractures, arises from an imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation. Several factors contribute to this imbalance, including hormonal changes (particularly estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women), inadequate calcium and vitamin D intake, certain medications, genetic predisposition, and lifestyle choices such as smoking and lack of physical activity.
Understanding the underlying causes of compromised bone health is crucial for effective prevention and treatment. Early diagnosis and intervention can significantly reduce the risk of fractures, which can lead to disability, reduced quality of life, and even mortality. Historically, osteoporosis was often considered an inevitable consequence of aging. However, advancements in medical research have highlighted the importance of modifiable risk factors, empowering individuals to take proactive steps to protect their bone health throughout their lives.