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Carbon capture, utilization, and storage outcomes encompass a range of environmental and economic impacts. For example, successful implementation can lead to a substantial reduction in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. This can include direct air capture, capturing emissions from industrial sources like power plants and cement factories, and utilizing captured carbon in products ranging from building materials to fuels.

The potential to mitigate climate change is a primary driver of investment and research in this area. Historically, carbon capture has been utilized for enhanced oil recovery, but its role in addressing climate change has become increasingly significant. Achieving large-scale deployment offers the potential to decarbonize hard-to-abate industrial sectors and contribute to net-zero emission goals. Furthermore, creating valuable products from captured carbon can contribute to a circular carbon economy. However, challenges remain, including the energy intensity of the capture process and the development of cost-effective storage solutions.

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A sourdough starter, often referred to as just “starter,” is a fermented mixture of flour and water that acts as the leavening agent in sourdough bread. The desired outcome of cultivating a starter, particularly one initiated with the New York Times’ widely recognized recipe, is a bubbly, active culture capable of consistently leavening bread. This active state is indicated by a noticeable rise and fall in the starter after feeding, demonstrating the yeast and bacteria are thriving and producing carbon dioxide. A properly maintained starter exhibits a tangy, slightly sour aroma. An example of a successful outcome is a doubled starter within a few hours of feeding.

Achieving a robust and active starter is crucial for the success of sourdough baking. It provides the necessary lift and flavor that distinguish sourdough bread. The New York Times’ recipe gained popularity due to its clear instructions and high success rate, making it a reliable starting point for many bakers. Historically, sourdough starters were maintained continuously, passed down through generations. The resurgence of sourdough baking in recent years has led to renewed interest in starter maintenance and the development of resources like the NYT recipe, making sourdough more accessible to a wider audience.

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