A constant velocity joint, frequently shortened to CV joint, is a mechanical component that allows a rotating shaft to transmit power through a variable angle, without a significant increase in friction or play. It is primarily found in the drive shafts of front-wheel-drive vehicles, all-wheel-drive vehicles, and rear-wheel-drive vehicles with independent rear suspension. The articulation enables the drive wheels to turn and move up and down while maintaining a consistent speed, irrespective of the angle of the driveshaft.
The employment of this type of joint is critical for ensuring smooth and efficient power delivery to the wheels, thus contributing significantly to vehicle handling and stability. Earlier automotive designs utilized universal joints (U-joints), which are less refined. U-joints induce vibrations and speed fluctuations at higher angles, making them unsuitable for the demands of modern front-wheel-drive systems. The improved performance characteristics offered by this solution have made it an integral element in automotive engineering.